High voltage common rail technology
This is one of the core technologies of diesel engines, which can accurately control the amount and timing of diesel injection. By increasing fuel pressure and improving the structure of the fuel injection system, more accurate fuel injection and combustion process control can be achieved, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of diesel engines, reducing noise and pollution emissions.
Three global diesel high-pressure common rail system developers
Japanese Denso
DENSO CORPORATION, founded on December 16, 1949, is one of the top global suppliers of cutting-edge automotive technology, systems, and components. It is a leader in diesel high-pressure common rail systems, environmental protection, engine management, body electronics, driving control and safety, information and communication, and other fields.
Bosch, Germany
Robert Bosch GmbH (BOSCH) was founded in 1886 and is one of the industrial enterprises in Germany, engaged in the industries of automotive and intelligent transportation technology, industrial technology, consumer goods, and energy and building technology. Bosch is renowned for its innovative and cutting-edge products and system solutions.
Delphi, USA
Delphi Electric Company (DELPHI) was founded in 1890 and is the world's largest manufacturer of automotive wiring harness systems. In December 2018, World Brand Laboratories released the "2018 World Brand 500" list, and Delphi Laboratories ranked 423rd.
1.Diesel engine high-pressure oil pump
The high-pressure fuel pump of a diesel engine is one of the most important components of the fuel supply system in traditional diesel engines. It provides high-pressure fuel to the engine through compression and delivery, enabling it to achieve effective atomization and uniform combustion, providing necessary power to achieve the desired combustion efficiency, stronger power performance, and cleaner emissions of the diesel engine.
High pressure oil pump is a component that requires high precision, with higher requirements for the plug and plug sleeve, which have strict requirements for sealing, reliability, and durability.
German inventor Rudolf Diesel invented the diesel engine, but due to fuel supply issues, the diesel engine had unstable operation a few days ago, ultimately leading to the company's bankruptcy and his own death due to depression. This has led to the emergence of an important component in diesel engines: the fuel injection pump, which is now known to be the heart of diesel engines.
American Claire Cummins designed and manufactured a steam engine at the age of 12. Later, he was hired by Mr. Elvin and convinced him to invest in establishing Cummins Company, which mainly produces diesel engines. After multiple tests, the method of extracting fuel and injecting it into the cylinder was changed to a pressure type, and the fuel was injected into the cylinder through a device. This was the prototype of the fuel injection pump, which also formed a complete diesel engine.
Later, Bosch improved the technology of the fuel injection pump in Claire Cummins, making the function of the fuel injection pump more perfect. In 1922, Bosch began to focus on the research and development of diesel engine fuel injection pump technology, developing various models of fuel injection pumps, mainly including needle and hole type fuel injectors. Since then, the era of high-speed diesel engines has ushered in.
The plunger and fuel injection nozzle of the high-pressure fuel pump in a diesel engine are very precise components, and the quality of the fuel injection pump piston and fuel injection nozzle directly affects the quality of the fuel injection pump and diesel engine.
2. Common rail tube
The common rail pipe distributes the high-pressure fuel provided by the high-pressure fuel pump to each fuel injector and serves as a pressure accumulator (storage) device. The volume of the common rail should have the function of reducing the fuel supply pressure fluctuations of the high-pressure oil pump and the pressure oscillations caused by each fuel injector during the injection process, so as to control the pressure fluctuations in the high-pressure common rail within the required range. Large pressure fluctuations will affect the efficiency of diesel engines. But its volume cannot be too large, on the premise of ensuring that the common rail has sufficient pressure response speed and the need to quickly respond to changes in diesel engine operating conditions. At one end of the common rail pipe, a common rail pipe pressure sensor is installed, which is used to detect the pressure of the common rail pipe and participate in the pressure control of the common rail pipe. When the common rail pressure is abnormal, the forced relief valve DBV opens, and the diesel engine will be limited in speed (with faults) operation.
3. Electronic fuel injector
The electronic fuel injector is one of the three core components of the common rail fuel injection system, commonly known as the fuel injector. Its function is to accurately control the time, amount, and pattern of fuel injection into the cylinder by operating the solenoid valve switch. Due to the larger pressure area on the upper part of the plunger compared to the pressure cone of the needle valve, the liquid pressure acting on the plunger is greater than the upward force acting on the pressure cone of the injector needle valve, causing the needle valve to close. When the solenoid valve is energized, the return valve is opened by the electromagnetic force, and the control room is connected to the return hole, so that the liquid pressure above the plunger is less than the upward force of the pressure bearing cone of the injector needle valve. The needle valve rises, and the injector begins to spray oil. The amount of fuel injected depends on the duration of nozzle opening, injection pressure, and needle valve travel.
Famous global enterprises producing electronic fuel injectors include
American 3M company (Scotch Brite): Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing. Established in 1902.
Bosch, Germany: Robert Bosch GmbH (BOSCH), founded in 1886, is engaged in the industries of automotive and intelligent transportation technology, industrial technology, consumer goods, energy, and building technology. Bosch is renowned for its innovative and cutting-edge products and system solutions Elf, France: In 2000, Elf successfully merged with Total Finer to form the Total Group.